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What is industrial AutomationIndustrial? Automation is a technique in which we make give human control to machines. In industrial automation machines are programmed to accomplish the tasks which humans used to achieve. Why it is done? Because of its advantages: Through Industrial automation we could do mass production with less manpower Quality from the strategy is increased Safety of man & products are increased More accurate process control Since human intervention is less so reliability in the system is higher Systems operate is low power supply, more electronic control so equipment every day life is higher Changes in process logic becomes easier since logics are changed mostly through softwarePrincipal Industrial Automation MNCs L & T ? ALSTOM Schneider ? FESTO Siemens ? Fuji Electric Allen Bradley ? Toshiba Messung ? TATA Honeywell Modicon ? Omron Mitsubishi ? Fanuc Asia Automation ? DeltaHow? industrial automation control system Evolved?Initially automation was achieved through manual control, operators employed to control the method at each and every step. Human intervention was there at each step. Drawbacks were inferior output, errors linked to human involvement affected compromised safety, wastage of raw material, and accuracy of human action.Then came Pneumatic Control: Industrial automation with this era was achieved through invention of pneumatic controllers at the begining of 1920s. Automation was achieved by controlling air to pneumatic valves, which in turn were actually switched on/off by relays and switches. They were very bulky and changing of the logic was very complex procedure since a lot of rework was forced to accomplish change in logic. So time delivered to complete task changes was very highHard wired logic control: contactors, relays (for switching), timers and counters (for timing and counting) were chosen for achieving desired industrial automation. But these systems also resulted into bulky panels. A lot of wiring was involved so time come to complete task was higher. Defect investigation & troubleshooting was complex.Electronic Control using Logic Gates: In early 60s electronics dominated the task, electronic logic gates were utilised for achieving logical operations. they replaced switching devices like relays and contactors inside control circuits. https://idealprocessandautomation.com.au/ & counters replaced mechanical timers & counters. Due to use of electronics space as well as requirements reduced, maintenance requirement reduced & systems were more reliable.